phenotype is the word for how an organism looks and behaves due to its genetic makeup. homozygous refers to an allele pair where both alleles are the same heterozygous refers to an allele pair where the two alleles are different genotype represents the genetic makeup and is shown with “code letters” genetics is the study or how traits are inherited heredity means passing of traits from parents to offspring pedigree is a visual way (picture) to follow traits in a family tree format alleles Different forms that a trait may have Punnett Square is used to predict traits. tall If T represents tall and t short, “Tt” will appear(look) ____. genes the section of a chromowsome that carries the instructions for making your traits dominant the form of an allele that "shows" and masks other forms recessive this allele seems to disappear when paired with a dominant gene the part of a chromosome that contains genetic material for a specific trait chromosome the structure in a cell that contains the genetic material Gregor Mendel studied crossing pea plants and is considered to be the Father of Genetics pure alleles match hybrid alleles do not match